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Armed Forces - a6a9 - British Army - Artillery - Phoenix UAV (Unmanned
Aerial Vehicle)
PHOENIX UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) -
No Longer In Service |
Phoenix was an all weather, day or night, real time
surveillance system which consisted of a variety of elements. The twin
boom UAV (unmanned air vehicle) provides surveillance through its
surveillance pod, the imagery from which was data linked via a ground
data terminal (GDT) to a ground control station (GCS).
This controls
the overall Phoenix mission and was used to distribute the UAV provided
intelligence direct to artillery forces, to command level, or to a
Phoenix troop command post (TCP).
The principle method of
communication from the GCS to artillery on the ground was via the
battlefield artillery engagement system (BATES).
Powered by a 19kW (25hp) Target Technology 342 two stroke flat twin
engine, the Phoenix air vehicle (with a centrally mounted fuel tank)
was almost entirely manufactured from composites such as Kevlar, glass
fibre, carbon reinforced plastics and Nomex honeycomb. The principal
subcontractor was Flight Refuelling of Christchurch in Dorset.
The modular design UAV could be launched within one hour of reaching a
launch site and a second UAV could be dispatched within eight minutes
from the same launcher. The wing span was 5.5 m and the maximum launch
weight 175 kgs. The manufacture, GEC states that "Flight endurance is
in excess of four hours, radius of action 50 kms and the maximum
altitude 2,700 m (9,000 feet).
A flight section consists of a launch and recovery detachment and a
ground control detachment.
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The launch and recovery detachment consisted of
three vehicles; the launch support vehicle, with several UAVs and
mission pods in separate battlefield containers, plus operational
replacement spares and fuel; the launch vehicle, which features a
pallet mounted lifting crane, the hydraulic catapult and launch
ramp, a pre launch detonator device, built in test equipment, and
the Land Rover recovery vehicle which is fitted with cradles for
the air vehicle and mission pod.
The ground control detachment consisted of two vehicles, the ground
control station and the Land Rover towed ground data terminal.
The British Army had one regiment (32 Regiment) equipped with
Phoenix. Each of the three Phoenix batteries in 32 Regiment were equipped with 27 x UAV, with associated ground
support equipment and a battery had enough resources to launch 72
flights. The total cost of the programme was £227 million and each
Phoenix aircraft was believed to cost approximately £300,000. The
overall initial purchase was 198 Phoenix.
The final operational flight of the Phoenix was conducted by in
May 2006.
PHOENIX UAV Specifications |
Length |
3.8m |
Wingspan |
5.5m |
Maximum
launch weight |
175kg |
Mission
pod |
|
Weight
mission pod |
50kg |
Propulsion |
|
Motor |
WAE
342, two stroke, flat twin fuel injection,19kW (25hp) |
Propeller |
Two
blade fixed pitch wooden propeller, 780 mm |
Generator |
Plessey
900 watts |
Performance |
|
Maximum
speed |
85
knots, 155km/h |
Flight
endurance |
more
than 4 hours |
Radius
of operation |
more
than 50 km |
Maximum
altitude |
2,750m
- 9,000ft |
Launch
& Recovery |
Truck-mounted
hydraulic catapult, parachute - airbag |
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Armed Forces - a5a14 - British Army - The Infantry - Milan 2
MILAN 2 - No Longer In Service |
Milan 2 was a second generation anti-tank weapon,
the result of a joint development project between France and West
Germany, with British Milan launchers and missiles built under licence
in the UK, by British Aerospace Dynamics. We believe that the cost of a Milan
missile was in the region of £12,000 and that, the UK MoD purchased over 50,000 missiles.
The Milan came in two main portable
components, which are the launcher and the missile. It was a
simple matter to clip both items together and prepare the system for use.
On firing, the operator had only to keep his aiming mark on the target and
the SACLOS guidance system would do the rest.
Milan was the first
of a series of infantry anti-tank weapons that seriously started
to challenge the supremacy of the main battle tank on the battlefield.
During fighting in Chad in 1987, it appears that 12 Chadian Milan,
post mounted on Toyota Light Trucks, were able to account for over
60 Libyan T-55s and T-62s. Reports from other conflicts suggest
similar results.
Milan was on issue
throughout the British Army and an armoured infantry battalion could be
expected to be equipped with up to 24 firing posts and 200 missiles.
Milan is in service with 36 nations worldwide and it is believed that
there were over 1,000 firing
posts in service with the British Army. It was replaced by the Javelin in
mid-2005
In addition to being capable
of defeating main battle tanks (MBTs) from all aspects, Milan was also
required to have a secondary capability against other battlefield targets,
such as fixed defences.
Milan 2
Specifications |
MISSILE: |
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Max Range |
2,000m |
Mix Range |
25m |
Length |
918mm |
Weight |
6.73kg |
Diameter |
125mm |
Wing Span |
267mm |
Rate
of Fire |
3-4rpm |
WARHEAD: |
|
Weight |
2.70kg |
Diameter |
115mm |
Explosive Content |
1.79kg |
FIRING
POST: |
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Weight |
16.4kg |
Length |
900mm |
Height |
650mm |
Width |
420mm |
Armour Penetration |
352mm |
Time of Flight to Max Range |
12.5
secs |
Missile Speed |
720km/h |
Guidance |
Semi-Automatic command to line of sight by
means of wires (SACLOS)
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