GERMANY

Population Defence budget 2010 GDP 2009 Land area Capital Life expectancy Population growth rate	82 million Euros 31.1billion (US$37.9 billion) Euros 2,280 billion (US$2,781billion) 357,500 sq kms (137,200 sq miles) Berlin (Population 3.3 million) 79 years 0.3 per cent
ARMY NAVY AIR FORCE
Total Armed Forces
Army Navy Air Force	160,000 including about 40,000 conscripts (plus about 130,000 reserves) 24,000 including about 3,500 conscripts (plus about 4,000 reserves) 50,000 including about 10,000 conscripts (plus about 12,000 reserves)
The Bundeswehr (the generic name for the German Armed Forces) is currently restructuring. During early 2010 conscription was reduced from 9 to 6 months and it is possible that there are longer term plans to abolish conscription entirely. We believe that under the current limitations imposed by the German constitution it is unlikely that the Armed Forces are capable of deploying more than about 10,000 personnel on overseas missions.
MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
Contact Details	Ministry of Defence Stauffenberg Strasse 18 D-10785 Berlin Germany

The Operations Division at the Federal Ministry of Defence includes the newly formed Response Forces Operational Command.

The German Armed Forces are being restructured and by 2012 there should be three categories of forces - Response Forces, Stabilisation Forces and Support Forces with all three armed services contributing forces as required. There is a Joint Forces Support Service and a Central Medical Service.
 

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ARMY ORGANISATION

Restructuring

By late 2011 the following formation reductions will have been achieved.:

Divisional headquarters reduced from 8 to 5
Active brigades reduced from 17 to 12
Battalions reduced from 120 to around 70 (depending on future planning assumptions)

These reductions will result in a force grouped around:

Response Forces

Special Operations Division
1 (GE) Armoured Division

Stabilisation Forces

10 (GE) Armoured Division
13 (GE) Mechanised Division
Airmobile Division (DLO)

Support Forces

Army Support Command

Army Strength: approximately 160,000 including about 40,000 conscripts (plus about 130,000 reserves). There are plans to reduce the strength of the German Army to around 132,000 within two or three years.

Outline Army Structure:

In general terms and available for immediate operations are:

2 x Armoured Divisions
1 x Mechanised Division
1 x Airmobile Division
1 x Special Operations Division
German element of the Franco/German Brigade

GERMAN ARMY OUTLINE STRUCTURE

Notes:
(1) Expect brigades to have their integral artillery, engineer, logistic, maintenance and medical support.
(2) The Army Office is responsible for doctrine, future concepts, training, army schools, colleges and administration.
(3) In the following references to divisional formations all German divisions are prefixed by GE to avoid confusion with other national formations.

Overall there are approximately 70 battalions (major units).

The following diagram illustrates the possible composition of a German Brigade - In this case the 12th Armoured Brigade.

12TH ARMOURED BRIGADE OUTLINE STRUCTURE

Specialist units such as artillery and air defence would be allocated depending upon the operational requirement.

Multinational operations

Significant elements of the Germany are earmarked for multi-national operations in support of either NATO (Article V – General War) or the European Union as follows.

I (German/Netherlands) Corps

This corps headquarters in Munster deploys 1 (GE) Armoured Division and the Dutch 1 (NL) Division under NATO Article V arrangements.

Multinational Corps North East (MNC NE)

With its headquarters located in Sczcecin this Corps has a Mechanised Division assigned. Both Denmark and Poland contribute forces to this formation as equal partners.

2 (German/US) Corps

Located in ULM this headquarters is a NATO HQ available as a force headquarters for Article V operations. In a purely national context this HQ assists with training and national planning tasks.

5 (US/German) Corps

With its headquarters located in Heidelberg this corps has German formations assigned for Article V operations.

Eurocorps

This headquarters is located in Strasbourg and the main German contribution is 10 (GE) Armoured Division as well as the German units assigned to the Franco/German Brigade. Other national contributions are from Belgium, France, Luxembourg and Spain. The Eurocorps organisation is covered in detail in earlier chapters.

European Union Battlegroups

Germany has agreed to participate in the following 4 x European Union Battlegroups that are to be operational by 2012:

a. France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg 
b. Germany, the Netherlands and Finland 
c. Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic
d. Poland, Germany, Slovakia, Latvia 

Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps (ACE ARRC)

This multi-national Corps with its headquarters in The United Kingdom has German formations assigned. Should 7 (GE) Armoured Division be deployed under ARRC command, the Polish 10 Armoured Brigade would be assigned to under command 7 (GE) Armoured Division.

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MAJOR ARMY EQUIPMENT

 

Main Battle Tanks	About 1,000 x Leopard operational with 350 to be upgraded to A6. Running down to a force of 852 x Leopard in total.
Reconnaissance (Recce)	80 x TPz-1 Fuchs (NBC) (Wheeled)
	222 x Fennek (Wheeled)
Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicle	410 x Puma (Tracked – replacing Marder)
	170 x Wiesel (Tracked)
Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC)	900 x M-113 (Tracked – estimate)
	900 x TPz-1 Fuchs (Wheeled)
	200 x Dingo (Wheeled – 598 on order)
Self Propelled Artillery	490 x 155 mm M-109A3G (Tracked and majority in store)
	165 x 155 mm PzH 2000
Towed Artillery	50 x 105 mm M-101 (estimate – in reserve)
	60 x 155 mm FH-70
Multiple Rocket Launchers	130 x 227 mm MLRS
Mortars (Mor)	400 x 120 mm Tampella/Brandt (estimate)
Anti-Tank (Atk)	1000 x Milan ATGW (estimate in service)
	100 x  TOW ATGW (SP on Wiesel – estimate)
Low Level Air Defence (LLAD)	30-40 x Roland SAM (in-service)
	50 x ASRAD-R SP SAM
	1,000 x Stinger SAM (estimate)
	28 x PAC-3 Patriot SAM
	147 x 35 mm Geppard
	1,000 x 20 mm (approximately)
Army Aviation	150 x BO-105 with TOW ATGW (Attack)
	90 x CH53G Stallion (Support)
	13 x EC-135 (Utility)
	15 x SA 313 Alouette II (Utility)
	100 x UH-1D Iroquois (Utility)
	80 x Tiger (Attack - on order)
	80 x NH-90 (Support – on order)
Note : Expect overall armoured vehicle totals to be cut by approximately 25 per cent by end 2012

 

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NAVAL ORGANISATION

Navy Strength: approximately 24,000 including about 3,500 conscripts (plus about 4,000 reserves)

Principal units:

12 x Submarines
15 x Frigates
10 x Patrol Craft
19 x Mine Warfare Vessels

Published plans suggest that the future German Navy will consist of about 90 vessels. This total will probably include 8 x submarines, 14 x frigates, 14 patrol and 20 x mine countermeasures vessels.

 

German Navy Outline Structure

Note:
The Naval Office is responsible for policy, doctrine, security, training, schools, personnel, medical services, armaments, supply and maintenance.
 

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MAJOR NAVAL EQUIPMENT

 

 

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AIR FORCE ORGANISATION

 

Air Force Strength: approximately 50,000 including about 10,000 conscripts (plus about 12,000 reserves)
 

Future Plans

Germany will purchase 180 x Eurofighter Typhoon Aircraft (deliveries in progress) at a cost of 19.5 billion Euros and up to 60 x A400M Transport Aircraft at a cost of 8.2 billion Euros. First deliveries for the A400M are planned for 2010. Up to 42 x NH 90 Helicopters are also on order.

We expect to see about 250 x combat aircraft in the German Air Force inventory by 2012.
 

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OUTLINE AIR FORCE STRUCTURE
 

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BREAKDOWN OF AIR OPERATIONS COMMAND
 

Note:
Ground Based Air Defence is an integral pert of each of the 3 x Air Divisions
 

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BREAKDOWN OF THE AIR FORCE OFFICE

Note:
The Air Force Office is responsible for policy, doctrine, security, training, schools, personnel, medical services, armaments supply and maintenance. Support Command provides logistical an d maintenance support services.
 

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AIR DEFENCE OPERATIONS

The assets of the German Air Force are an important element in the NATO air defence organisation in the Central Area. The Tactical Command North’s ICAOC (Interim Combined Air Operations Centres) at Kalkar, and the Tactical Command South’s ICAOC at Messtellen both report to the NATO CAOC at Uedem (Germany). Overall air defence operations are coordinated from the NATO Joint Force Component Command HQ (JFCC Air) at Ramstein (Germany).

Land based air defence is structured around six squadrons equipped with Patriot SAM, six squadrons equipped with Hawk SAM and 14 squadrons equipped with Roland SAM. These SAM units are also embedded in the NATO early warning and air defence network.
 

GERMAN AIR FORCE FLYING WINGS
 

 

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MAJOR AIR FORCE EQUIPMENT

 

Fighter (Ftr)	40 x Typhoon (140 more on order)
	44 x F-4F Phantom II (until 2012)
Reconnaissance (Recce)	41 x Tornado IDS
Fighter Ground Attack (FGA)	90 x Tornado IDS (in service)
Suppression of Enemy Air Defence (SEAD)	32 x Tornado ECR
Transport (Tpt)	7 x Airbus A 310 (some tanker configuration)
	80 x C-160D Transall
	6 x CL-601 Canadair Challenger
Training (Trg)	35 x T37B
	40 x T-38A
Helicopters (Hel)	75 x UH-1D Iroquois (majority SAR)
	3 x AS 532U2 Cougar
	Up to 42 x NH 90 on order
Air launched missiles (ALM)	AIM-9 Sidewinder (AAM)
	ASRAAM (AAM)
	Iris T (AAM)
	AGM-88A Harm (ARM)
	AGM-65 Maverick (ASM)
	AS-34 Kormoran (ASM)
Surface to Air Missiles (SAM)	36 x Patriot SAM fire units
	24 x Hawk SAM fire units (in store)
	45 x Roland SAM fire units (in store)

CURRENT UNIT DEPLOYMENTS
(over platoon strength – 30 personnel. These are approximate figures)

Note:
Considerable numbers of German Armed Forces personnel (both Army and Air Force) train at various locations in the United States using pre-positioned equipment.